if

You've already seen some if statements in other examples, but here are the details.

In Ferret, all values evaluate true in boolean context besides false, undefined, and return objects with no properties.

$x = 0

if $x
    say("This will be said. Zero is true.")

if $x != 0
    say("This will not. Do this when you want to test for zero.")

if [1, 2, 3].empty
    say("This will not be said. Most data types have an empty property.")

if "".empty
    say("This will. The string is empty.")

Note how, like for, in the above examples braces can be omitted if only a single statement occurs in the if body. The one-liner colon syntax is also permitted.

if false: say("What has the world come to?")

Next: else, else if